Level Of Maturity Research Articles

Mitochondrial respiration is lower in the intrauterine growth-restricted fetal sheep heart.

Fetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction have an increased risk of developing heart disease and failure in adulthood. Compared with controls, late gestation intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetal sheep have fewer binucleated cardiomyocytes, reflecting a more immature heart, which may reduce mitochondrial capacity to oxidize substrates. We hypothesized that the late gestation IUGR fetal heart has a lower capacity for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles from IUGR and control (CON) fetal sheep at 90% gestation were harvested. Mitochondrial respiration (states 1-3, LeakOmy, and maximal respiration) in response to carbohydrates and lipids, citrate synthase (CS) activity, protein expression levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes (CI-CV), and mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial biosynthesis regulators were measured. The carbohydrate and lipid state 3 respiration rates were lower in IUGR than CON, and CS activity was lower in IUGR LV than CON LV. However, relative CII and CV protein levels were higher in IUGR than CON; CV expression level was higher in IUGR than CON. Genes involved in lipid metabolism had lower expression in IUGR than CON. In addition, the LV and RV demonstrated distinct differences in oxygen flux and gene expression levels, which were independent from CON and IUGR status. Low mitochondrial respiration and CS activity in the IUGR heart compared with CON are consistent with delayed cardiomyocyte maturation, and CII and CV protein expression levels may be upregulated to support ATP production. These insights will provide a better understanding of fetal heart development in an adverse in utero environment. KEY POINTS: Growth-restricted fetuses have a higher risk of developing and dying from cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Mitochondria are the main supplier of energy for the heart. As the heart matures, the substrate preference of the mitochondria switches from carbohydrates to lipids. We used a sheep model of intrauterine growth restriction to study the capacity of the mitochondria in the heart to produce energy using either carbohydrate or lipid substrates by measuring how much oxygen was consumed. Our data show that the mitochondria respiration levels in the growth-restricted fetal heart were lower than in the normally growing fetuses, and the expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism were also lower. Differences between the right and left ventricles that are independent of the fetal growth restriction condition were identified. These results indicate an impaired metabolic maturation of the growth-restricted fetal heart associated with a decreased capacity to oxidize lipids postnatally.

Research on the impact and mechanisms of lean management on the green development of traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises

AbstractTo achieve the “dual carbon” goals, manufacturing businesses must pursue green development. Compared to larger enterprises, the path towards green development is fraught with difficulties for the numerous traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises. Lean thinking offers new solutions to the pain points and challenges of green development for these enterprises. However, existing research primarily focuses on large enterprises, with limited studies on traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises; moreover, the conclusions on lean green development remain contentious and fail to effectively guide these enterprises through their green development bottlenecks. Therefore, this paper constructs a lean green development mechanism model for traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises based on the grounded theory research method and the “resource‐behavior‐performance” model. It validates the model with empirical data from 333 traditional small manufacturing enterprises in China. The results show that in the actual development process of traditional small and micro enterprises, implementing lean organization and lean production significantly improves environmental performance, but the impact on economic performance is complex. Additionally, the influence of lean strategies on green development performance is not significant, not fully realizing their potential guiding role. Further in‐depth analysis of traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises with a mature level of lean management reveals that as the level of lean management improves, the guiding effect of lean strategies begins to emerge; both lean organization and production have a significantly positive impact on economic performance. The findings are theoretically and practically significant for overcoming the green development challenges faced by traditional small and micro manufacturing enterprises, help to broaden the research scope of lean green development, and provide decision‐making and theoretical support for promoting the seamless implementation of lean green development in the traditional manufacturing sector.

Application of fuzzy Delphi technique to identify analytical lenses for determining the preparation of free and open source software projects for user experience maturity

User eXperience (UX) significantly influences the success of free and open source software (FOSS) projects and is measured using UX capability maturity models (UXCMMs). Every organization desires higher levels of UX maturity; however, it requires upfront preparations and process quality control.Harmonizing processes and analytical lenses for determining preparation for UX maturity are still challenging, and studies to create them are limited. The analysis is ad hoc and based on the actors’ will and experiences. This study proposes and validates analytical lenses.Findings show that UX experts agreed that the lenses could be used with a consensus percentage of 81 %, the threshold value (d) = 0.112, and crisp values greater than α-cut = 0.5. On validation, 47.57 % of stakeholders agreed, and 52.43 % strongly agreed they were relevant. Results help evaluate the status quo and change culture and policies toward ideal preparation. Two areas are suggested for future research.

Analysis of Digital Twins in the Construction Industry: Practical Applications, Purpose, and Parallel with other Industries

Digital twins (DTs) have become a widely discussed subject, believed to have the potential to solve various problems across different industries, including Engineering & Construction (E&C). However, there is still significant misconception concerning the definition of DTs and their purpose within E&C. This study dives deep into identifying DT applications within E&C and the other prominent industries, i.e., Aerospace & Aviation, Manufacturing, Energy & Utilities, Automotive, Healthcare, Smart Cities, Oil & Gas, and Retail. The main challenges to the evolution of DT practical applications are also analyzed. A combination of a literature review, multi-case study analysis, and comparative analysis compose the deployed methodology. Standardization and a maturity level classification are proposed to drive progress of the adoption of DTs. The distinct aspects of the different industries and their assets are evaluated to the conclusion that DTs are better employed for maintenance of structures within E&C. DTs have become a well-worn topic, but the abundance of complex theoretical frameworks is met with simple or inexistent practical applications. Therefore, the novelty of this study lays in its comprehensive analysis of DT applications and real-world implementations—a departure from the often-theoretical discussions surrounding DTs.

Facilitating corporate sustainability integration: innovation in family firms

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between family-driven innovation and the incorporation of corporate sustainability in German family firms.Design/methodology/approachThe study conducted 26 interviews with 22 German family firms. Thematic analysis was undertaken on the collected data resulting in five major themes.FindingsThe study identified five main themes of corporate sustainability-oriented innovation in family firms, which include measuring corporate sustainability performances, building corporate sustainability-oriented infrastructure, stabilizing/optimizing operations, enhancing operational flexibility/independence and knowledge management and development. The study also provides an activity-based guide for family firms to use innovation to achieve corporate sustainability goals and present the findings’ implications for policymakers.Originality/valueThe present study is the first study to empirically investigate the relationship between family-driven innovation and the incorporation of corporate sustainability at each of the corporate sustainability maturity levels.

A maturity model for assessing Digital Green Lean leadership and culture implementation in manufacturing companies

Lean Manufacturing is continuously transforming in the era of Industry 4.0, merging digital technologies with conventional manufacturing processes focusing on sustainability through Circular Economy principles. This evolution of Business Systems has led to the newly formulated term ‘Digital Green Lean’, which contains the synergy between Lean Manufacturing, Digital transformation, and Sustainability principles. The research is driven by the need for a maturity assessment for leadership and business culture, enabling companies using Lean Manufacturing principles to evaluate their readiness and alignment with the principles of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy. Organizations must adapt their Lean practices to remain efficient, digital, sustainable, and competitive. Method/Findings – The article consists of a literature review on maturity assessment, with the keywords Industry 4.0, Circular Economy, Lean Culture, Lean Leadership, and theoretical development for the maturity assessment, including evaluation criteria. The assessment includes (1) three dimensions, ten subdimensions, and 38 systems for Digital Green Lean Business Culture and (2) four dimensions, 19 subdimensions, and 43 skills for Digital Green Lean Leadership, to be evaluated in a developed five maturity levels. Implications – This research includes the first development of a maturity prescriptive and comparative assessment for companies to assess, compare, and develop action plans in their Lean journey within the context of Industry 4.0, Circular Economy, Lean Culture, and Lean Leadership, as part of the new integrated Digital Green Lean (DGL).

Exploring the Relationship between Digital Inclusive Finance and Traditional Finance in China

Since 2016, China has incorporated the development of digital inclusive finance (DIF) into its national strategic plan and supported it with favorable policies. These policy changes not only promote the sustainable development of finance but also provide an opportunity to examine the relationship between DIF and traditional finance. This study utilizes panel data from China's prefecture-level cities spanning 2011 to 2019 and employs the generalized difference-in-difference method to analyze the impacts of relevant policies. The findings indicate a positive correlation between the level of traditional finance and the successful implementation of policies that promote DIF, suggesting a complementary relationship between traditional finance and DIF. Additionally, analysis reveals that in regions with more favorable financial and technological conditions, traditional finance plays a prominent supportive role in facilitating DIF. Therefore, policies promoting DIF should consider local financial and technological landscapes while developing tailored strategies based on the maturity level of traditional finance.

Rapid detection of turtle cracks in corn seed based on reflected and transmitted images combined with deep learning method

Cracks in corn seeds greatly affect their storage tolerance and germination ability. These cracks are categorized as single, double, and turtle cracks. The vigor experiment showed that turtle cracks lead to the poorest seed vigor, with significantly lower germination rates after artificial aging. Traditional methods to detect turtle cracks, like lightboxes, staining, and colorimetry, are inefficient or costly. Therefore, a detection method for turtle cracks of corn seeds based on reflected light and transmitted light images combined with deep learning was proposed. The transmitted and reflected light images on embryo and endosperm surfaces of 2000 corn seeds with different crack were collected. A Based on Self-Attention Modul Convolutional Neural Support Vector Networks (SACNSVN) model was proposed to detect the turtle cracks seeds, and compared with the model established by LSTM, CNN, BLR, SVM, and MLP. The effects of embryo surface, endosperm surface, varieties and maturity on turtle crack detection were investigated. The results showed that: (1) The transmitted light image had a significant correlation with 62 and 58 indicators of cracks and turtle cracks, respectively, which better reflected the crack and turtle crack seeds than reflected light image; (2) The accuracy of turtle cracks detection model based on embryo endosperm surface combined dataset were higher than embryo surface, endosperm surface, and embryo endosperm surface mixed dataset; (3) The SACNSVN model provides the optimal accuracy with 82.6%; (4) Variety greatly affects turtle crack detection in corn seeds, while maturity level has a minor impact, and SACNSVN exhibits strong generalization ability. This study provides significant technical support for optimizing the seed processing process and improving the seed quality.

Evaluating Academic Information Systems Through Dual Models

Evaluation of a system is needed to determine whether the system is still following organizational goals. For maximum results, evaluation should be done regularly. An academic information system is a system that aims to perform data processing so that it can provide convenient information that is used by users in academic administrative activities. This study proposes to determine the level of governance maturity in the monitoring and Evaluation domain of academic information systems at University ‘X’ a private in Indonesia and determine factors of the success of the information system. The results of the measurement process show that the maturity level of the system is at level 2.1 and the factors that affect the success of the system are System Quality, Quality of Service, User Satisfaction, and Net Benefits. The comparison specifically on System Quality and User Satisfaction relation has a less significant impact (0.2) while the IT Performance of the Monitor and Evaluate process is at the initial/ad hoc stage (level 1). In this study, the Quality of Information does not affect the success of the system. The results of this study provide recommendations for organizations to improve governance according to organizational goals to level 3 and to improve the Quality of Information in information systems.

Fenomena KDRT dan Praktik Mahar di Kampung Ndilek Lamba Leda, NTT

Various study attributes the bride-wealth culture as a significant factor in the prevalence of domestic violence (KDRT) in East Nusa Tenggara. This essay challenges the initial research findings by exploring the causes of instances of domestic abuse that took place in Ndilek Village, Lamba Leda District, NTT Province. The research employed a qualitative methodology, utilizing in-depth interviews as the primary means of data gathering. This study discovered that the bride-wealth culture within the Manggarai community in East Nusa Tenggara can potentially serve as the underlying cause of domestic violence, albeit only in specific circumstances. Furthermore, it is important to note that the mere practice of the bride-wealth culture does not necessarily result in violence within the marital household. Furthermore, there are several influential elements, apart from dowry, that contribute to domestic violence. These include economic circumstances, individual traits, extramarital affairs, gambling and alcohol abuse, as well as the level of maturity exhibited by the married couple. This study suggests that bride-wealth system can contribute to domestic violence, but it is not the primary factor. Several triggering factors unrelated to dowry have a more prominent role in situations of domestic violence. Due to this dichotomy, this study suggests that communities endorsing the tradition should effectively and equitably execute cultural customs to prevent them from becoming a catalyst for marital violence or other home issues. In addition, in order to completely eradicate domestic violence, it is crucial to effectively treat the underlying roots of this issue.

Routing optimisation for towing a floating offshore wind turbine under weather constraints

This paper presents a methodology for optimising routing for towing of fully assembled Floating Offshore Wind Turbines using a purpose-built ship simulator to generate datasets describing dynamics for a towing arrangement together with the engine data of the ship, and using such dataset and historical metocean data to perform multi-objective route optimisation for the tow using NSGA-II evolutionary algorithm. The work introduces the new ship simulator and the modelling of the platform VolturnUS-S, including the discussion of a comparative experiment between the model in the ship simulator and a 1:70 scale model in a wave tank. This is then followed by a presentation of the towing experiments, the characteristics of the data obtained from them, and the methodology for the optimisation of the towing routes with the following minimisation objectives: the duration of the tow, the maximum tension in the towing line, and the carbon emissions. Results are presented and discussed together with the limitations. The methodology has the potential to offer rapid and accurate results, providing a framework for safe, fast, and economical experimental process that could enhance visibility for operations before high maturity level is achieved or they can be physically performed, and contribute to improve marine operations.

EVALUACIÓN DE LAS FASES DE DISEÑO E INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS PRODUCTO-SERVICIO: UN CASO DE ESTUDIO

Product-service systems correspond to a contemporary evolution of the post-industrial market, in which the competitiveness of companies does not focus on the physical characteristics of their products but on the additional services that accompany them. In this sense, it is particularly important that the design and engineering phases of products and services are developed efficiently and in collaboration with the rest of the entities involved in these processes. This paper presents an evaluation of the design and engineering phases of product-service systems by means of a questionnaire designed for a case study corresponding to Spanish industry, made up of 30 companies. For its elaboration, a technological maturity model has been taken as a basis and adapted to include the dimensions of resources, information systems, organisation and culture. The results obtained indicate that, in general, the level of performance of these dimensions is medium or low, making strategies and possible improvement actions necessary. Keywords: product-service systems, maturity levels, design, engineering, collaboration

Source rock characterization based on geochemical observations using Well BO-1, Central Sumatra Basin

The Central Sumatra Basin, characterized as a tertiary back-arc basin, stands as one of Indonesia’s foremost hydrocarbon-producing basins. Consequently, in the pursuit of hydrocarbon exploration endeavors, a comprehensive analysis of the potential source rocks within this region becomes imperative. The focal point of this study is the BO-1 well, situated within the Pematang Formation. Geochemical analysis methods, specifically leveraging Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval Pyrolysis data, were employed to assess the quality, quantity, and maturity of the source rock. The research findings reveal a noteworthy organic material content at a fair-to-good level, registering an average TOC value of 0.69% and a Potential Yield of 1,994 mg/g, both falling within the fair-to-good classification. The Hydrogen Index value designates the source rock as type III kerogen, indicating a propensity for gaseous product generation. Maturity evaluation places the source rock within an immature to mature range, with a maximum temperature range of 383-452°C. In summary, the analysis discerns the source rock within the research area as an effective type, characterized by a substantial organic material abundance at a fair-to-good level and a mature maturity level. This conclusion is reinforced by the lithology of the research area, predominantly comprising mudstone, recognized for its richness in organic material.

Unveiling combat strategies against Candida spp. biofilm structures: Demonstration of photodynamic inactivation with innovative phthalocyanine derivatives

Antimicrobial resistance is an important problem for infection control and therapy. Microorganisms in biofilm structure are remarkably less susceptible to antimicrobials compared to planktonic cells. Increasing rates of resistance to antimicrobials have led to the development of new antimicrobial strategies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative treatment method that may contribute to the fields of infection control and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activities of photosensitizers and the anti-biofilm activities of phthalocyanine derivatives on C. albicans and C. parapsilosis strains. The anti-biofilm effects of aPDT on the biofilm of Candida albicans were also visualized via SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Our findings showed that aPDT with phthalocyanines inhibited biofilm production levels and reduced the mature biofilm levels of Candida strains. Additionally, SEM results supported that aPDT application successfully eradicated fungal cells and inhibited the biofilm produced by C. albicans. Although more detailed experiments are needed, we suggest that the use of Pcs in aPDT may be beneficial for the treatment of biofilm-related Candida infections.

3D Printing for Energy Optimization of Building Envelope – Experimental Results

The building sector is a major contributor to the world’s energy consumption, exhibiting an ever-increasing trend. Heat losses through the building envelope constitute the most significant factor. Furthermore, the construction process has seen limited technological advancements in recent years, remaining heavily reliant on manual labor. Additive manufacturing emerges as a promising approach, with applications in the building sector on the rise. However, research on the thermal performance of 3D-printed components remains limited. Despite its recent introduction in the construction industry, 3D printing has yet to attain a level of maturity commensurate with other established methods.This paper aims to reduce this gap by analyzing 3D-printed blocks from a heat transfer perspective. The article introduces two key innovations. Firstly, it explores the design of various internal geometries and air gaps aimed at minimizing heat flux exchange between block surfaces. Secondly, it presents an experimental study conducted with a custom-designed setup tailored for testing 3D printed blocks. The blocks are constructed using recyclable plastic material and feature different internal geometries based on hexagonal cells. While the plan size of the cells remains consistent, their vertical structures vary as follows: 1) Block 1: Hexagonal air cavities without horizontal partitions. 2) Block 2: Hexagonal air cavities with three horizontal partitions, dividing the cells vertically into four parts. 3) Block 3: Honeycomb structure characterized by three horizontal partitions and staggering along the vertical axis.Their performance was experimentally evaluated using the Hot Box method, heat flow meter sensors, and infrared thermography. The results demonstrated reductions of up to 11.5% in terms of thermal transmittance (U-value) with the inclusion of horizontal partitions. Starting from a U-value of 1.22 ± 0.04 W/m2K (Block 1), a transmittance of 1.08 ± 0.04 W/m2K was achieved for the honeycomb structure with horizontal partitions (Block 3).

Numerical modeling of air ejectors covering supersonic, subsonic and closed-port operations

The physics and modeling of air ejectors in on- and off-design conditions have been extensively addressed in the past, reaching a good level of maturity. However, to achieve a robust model at system scale integrating an ejector, there is a need for developing 0D models suitable to tackle abnormal functioning modes, such as cases where the ejector works in subsonic conditions, reverse flows, or closed ports. Based on state-of-the-art models, a new 0D model has been built in the current work, where proper subroutine implementations allow covering normal and abnormal operations of convergent nozzle ejectors. The current research also focuses on understanding the physical behavior of air ejectors for aeronautical applications. In this regard, CFD-RANS simulations are used to perform model verification and calibration as well as to gain knowledge of the whole operational envelope. The regimes reproduced by the 0D model, and validated by CFD, cover the normal operating mode with different choking regimes, the occurrence of a subsonic primary flow, and the closed secondary port case. Additional cases are run to assess other features of the ejector behavior, such as the influence of geometrical properties on the choking mechanism and the impact of thermal effects.

Evaluation of The Relationship Between Dental and Cervical Vertebrae Maturation in Terms of Age Determination

Aim: Age determination is a very important issue in anthropology, forensic science, and dentistry. Today, the most commonly used methods for age determination are the methods in which tooth and bone development are evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between gender, chronological age, dental maturation, and cervical vertebral maturation in individuals aged 8-25 years. Material and Method: Digital panoramic, lateral cephalometric radiographs of 500 patients aged 8-25 years were used in this study. Cervical vertebra maturation was evaluated using the dental maturation-modified Demirjian classification system of Baccetti et al. Means, minimum, maximum, and standard deviations were calculated and analyzed as descriptive statistics. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kappa, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-Square, Linear Regression, and Spearman Correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between chronological age and dental maturation and cervical vertebral maturation levels (p <0.01). While dental maturation levels did not differ significantly according to gender (p> 0.05), cervical vertebra maturation was statistically different (p <0.01). There was a positive correlation between chronological age and dental maturation, and cervical vertebral maturation levels (p <0.01). There was a strong correlation between dental maturation and cervical vertebral maturation levels (p <0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that skeletal maturity increased with the increase in chronological and dental age for both genders. The earlier formation was consistently observed for each stage of skeletal maturation in females. All correlations between skeletal and dental maturations were statistically significant.

Induction of maturation of gold fish (Carassius auratus) using sesame seed extract (Sesamum indicum L. ) on feed as phytoestrogens

Gonad maturity in fish is essential in fish farming because it is related to seed production. Sesame oil is one of the ingredients as a feed supplement to stimulate fish gonad maturation. The research aimed to obtain the best dose of sesame seed extract (Sesamum indicum L.) in feed to increase the gonad maturity of comet fish (Carassius auratus). This research had four treatment levels and three repetitions. The treatment levels in this study were: P0 Without giving sesame seed extract (Control), P1 Giving sesame seed extract 5 mL/kg feed, P2 giving sesame seed extract 10 mL/kg feed, P3 Giving sesame seed extract 15 mL/kg. The results of the six-week study showed that at the beginning of maintenance, they were in TKG I, in the 3rd week, they entered TKG III, and in the 6th week, P1, P2, and P3 entered TKG IV while P0 were still in TKG III. The highest gonad maturity index at each observation time occurred in treatment P2 with feed containing 10 mL/kg of sesame seed extract. In the 1st week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred at P2 at 7.80. In the 3rd week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred in P2 at 9.26%. In the 6th week, the highest gonad maturity index occurred in P2 at 11.17%. Fecundity at week 6 showed the highest result of P2 4,290. The level of gonad maturity with treatment given sesame extract was faster, with a maintenance time of 6 weeks. The results of this study illustrate that sesame extract can be used as a supplement to increase comet fish gonad maturity.

Study on Human Integrity Management System Maturity Level for Supporting Asset Integrity and Process Safety Implementation

Study on Human Integrity Management System Maturity Level for Supporting Asset Integrity and Process Safety Implementation

Cross-industry frameworks for business process reengineering: Conceptual models and practical executions

Cross-industry frameworks for business process reengineering (BPR) have emerged as pivotal tools in enhancing organizational efficiency, agility, and competitiveness across diverse sectors. These frameworks amalgamate conceptual models with practical executions to streamline operations, optimize resource allocation, and foster innovation. This review delves into the essence of cross-industry frameworks for BPR, elucidating their conceptual underpinnings and real-world applications. At the core of cross-industry frameworks lies the recognition that business processes transcend sector boundaries, encompassing common elements such as customer interactions, supply chain management, and operational workflows. Conceptual models form the foundational framework by articulating key principles, methodologies, and best practices for BPR initiatives. One prominent conceptual model is the Business Process Reengineering (BPR) methodology, which advocates for radical redesign rather than incremental improvement of processes. This approach emphasizes fundamental questioning of existing practices, aiming to achieve dramatic enhancements in efficiency, quality, and customer satisfaction. Another influential model is the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), which provides a roadmap for organizations to systematically improve their processes by advancing through defined maturity levels. Practical executions of cross-industry frameworks entail the translation of conceptual models into actionable strategies tailored to specific organizational contexts. This involves a multifaceted approach encompassing process analysis, stakeholder engagement, technology integration, and change management. Process analysis entails mapping current workflows, identifying bottlenecks, and pinpointing areas for optimization. Stakeholder engagement is crucial for garnering buy-in and fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Technology integration plays a pivotal role in modern BPR initiatives, leveraging digital tools such as business process management (BPM) software, data analytics, and robotic process automation (RPA) to streamline operations and enhance decision-making. Moreover, emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain offer new avenues for process innovation and optimization. Change management constitutes a critical component of practical executions, as BPR initiatives often entail significant organizational transformation. Effective change management involves communication, training, and leadership support to mitigate resistance and facilitate smooth transition. Real-world applications exemplify the effectiveness of cross-industry frameworks in driving tangible business outcomes. Case studies spanning diverse sectors, including manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and retail, demonstrate how organizations have leveraged BPR to achieve breakthrough improvements in efficiency, cost reduction, and customer satisfaction. In the manufacturing sector, for instance, companies have adopted lean manufacturing principles to streamline production processes, minimize waste, and enhance flexibility. In healthcare, BPR initiatives have led to streamlined patient care pathways, reduced administrative burdens, and improved clinical outcomes. Financial institutions have leveraged BPR to optimize loan approval processes, mitigate risk, and enhance regulatory compliance. Similarly, retailers have utilized BPR to optimize supply chain management, enhance omnichannel capabilities, and personalize customer experiences. Cross-industry frameworks for business process reengineering represent a potent paradigm for organizational transformation in today's dynamic business landscape. By integrating conceptual models with practical executions, these frameworks empower organizations to enhance operational efficiency, drive innovation, and maintain competitive advantage across diverse sectors.